Do you know how to express contrasting information using conjunctions like despite, much as, and whereas? Enhance your knowledge with a lesson given below and the grammar explanation to guide you better.

Here are some examples showing how to give contrasting information:

• Although he runs marathons now, it took him years to build up his stamina.

• She has a packed schedule. She still managed to attend the meeting, though.

• I got the job, even though I wasn’t fully qualified.

• While I don't completely agree, I can see why they think that.

• Much as I'd love to buy that car, it's way out of my budget.

Grammar explanation - Contrasting ideas

Although, despite, even if, even though, in spite of, much as, though, whereas, and while are all used to connect two contrasting ideas or show that one fact makes the other surprising.

These conjunctions can be placed either at the beginning or in the middle of a sentence.

• Despite the cold weather, they went camping.

• They went camping despite the cold weather.

The main difference between these conjunctions is the type of structure that follows them.

1. In spite of and despite

After in spite of and despite, we use a noun phrase or the -ing form of a verb.

• They finished the race in spite of being exhausted.

• The event went ahead despite the storm.

It is common to use in spite of and despite with the expression the fact that, followed by a subject and verb.

• They finished the race, in spite of the fact that they were exhausted.

• The event went ahead, despite the fact that a storm was approaching.

2. Although, though, and even though

After although, though, and even though, we use a subject and verb. They have the same meaning, but even though is more emphatic.

• Although the movie had poor reviews, I enjoyed it.

• I like my cooking class, though it’s sometimes challenging.

• Even though I was tired, I stayed up to finish the book.

• Though can also be placed at the end of the second clause, especially in spoken English.

• The food was expensive. It tasted amazing, though.

3. Even if

Even if means 'whether or not' or 'no matter what'. It is followed by a subject and a verb.

• Even if you’re experienced, hiking that trail is dangerous.

4. While and whereas

While is most commonly used with time, but it can also mean 'although' or 'despite the fact that'.

• While I didn’t ace the test, I still did well.

• While and whereas can also be used to compare two contrasting ideas and mean 'but' or 'compared with the fact that'.

• While/Whereas Sarah loves traveling, her sister prefers staying at home.

• I enjoyed the conference, whereas/while my colleague found it boring.

5. Much as

Much as is a formal expression meaning 'although' or 'despite how much'.

• Much as I love hiking, I didn’t enjoy this particular trip.

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